Dental Glossary
Explore our comprehensive glossary of dental terms. From procedures to anatomy, find clear explanations of all dental terminology.
52 用語
処置
オールオン4インプラント
A full-arch tooth replacement technique using just four strategically placed dental implants to support a complete set of fixed teeth.
スケーリング（歯石除去）
Professional cleaning procedure to remove plaque and tartar buildup from teeth and below the gumline.
マウスピース矯正
Removable transparent plastic trays that gradually straighten teeth as an alternative to traditional metal braces.
入れ歯（義歯）
Removable replacements for missing teeth and surrounding tissues.
審美歯科
Dental procedures focused on improving the appearance of teeth, gums, and smile.
抜歯
The removal of a tooth from its socket in the bone.
根管治療
A treatment to repair and save a badly damaged or infected tooth by removing the damaged pulp.
歯のホワイトニング
A cosmetic procedure to lighten teeth and remove stains and discoloration.
歯の詰め物
Material used to repair a tooth damaged by decay, restoring its normal function and shape.
歯冠（クラウン）
A tooth-shaped cap placed over a damaged tooth to restore its shape, size, strength, and appearance.
歯科インプラント
An artificial tooth root surgically placed in the jawbone to support a replacement tooth or bridge.
歯科ブリッジ
A fixed prosthetic device that replaces one or more missing teeth by anchoring to adjacent teeth.
歯科ベニア
A thin shell of porcelain or composite bonded to the front of teeth to improve appearance.
矯正歯科装置
The different devices used in orthodontic treatment, including metal braces, ceramic braces, lingual braces, and clear aligners.
鎮静歯科治療
The use of sedation techniques to help anxious patients receive dental treatment comfortably.
骨移植
Surgical procedure to replace or regenerate bone in the jaw for dental implant placement.
解剖学
エナメル質
The hard, outer layer of the tooth that protects against decay.
歯根膜
Connective tissue fibers that connect the tooth root to the alveolar bone.
歯槽骨
The part of the jawbone that contains the sockets (alveoli) where teeth are anchored.
歯肉（歯ぐき）
The soft tissue that surrounds and supports the teeth.
歯髄
The soft tissue inside the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels.
親知らず
Third molars that typically emerge between ages 17-25, often requiring extraction.
象牙質
The layer of the tooth beneath the enamel that forms the bulk of the tooth structure.
疾患
不正咬合
Misalignment of teeth when the jaws are closed, commonly called a 'bad bite'.
口臭
Chronic bad breath that doesn't go away with regular brushing and flossing.
歯ぎしり（ブラキシズム）
Involuntary grinding, gnashing, or clenching of teeth, often during sleep.
歯の膿瘍
A pocket of pus caused by bacterial infection at the root of a tooth or in the gums.
歯周炎
A serious gum infection that damages soft tissue and destroys the bone supporting teeth.
歯垢と歯石
Plaque is a sticky bacterial film on teeth; tartar (calculus) is hardened plaque that can only be removed professionally.
歯肉炎
Inflammation of the gums, usually caused by bacterial plaque buildup.
知覚過敏
Pain or discomfort in teeth when exposed to hot, cold, sweet, or acidic substances.
虫歯（う蝕）
Tooth decay caused by bacteria that produce acids that dissolve tooth enamel.
顎関節症
Pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint connecting the jaw to the skull.
機器
CAD/CAM歯科治療
Computer-aided design and manufacturing technology for creating dental restorations.
CBCT（コーンビームCT）
A specialized 3D imaging technique providing detailed views of teeth, soft tissues, nerve pathways, and bone.
オートクレーブ（高圧蒸気滅菌器）
A sterilization device using high-pressure steam to eliminate all microorganisms from dental instruments.
デジタルX線撮影
An advanced form of dental X-ray using digital sensors instead of traditional film.
デジタル印象（口腔内スキャナー）
A digital scanning method that captures precise 3D images of teeth and gums, replacing traditional putty impressions.
パノラマX線写真（OPG）
A single X-ray image that captures the entire mouth including all teeth, jaws, and surrounding structures.
口腔内カメラ
A small camera used to take close-up images inside the mouth.
歯周ポケット検査
The clinical process of measuring gum pocket depths around each tooth to assess periodontal health.
歯科3Dプリンティング
Additive manufacturing technology used to create dental models, surgical guides, aligners, crowns, and dentures.
歯科用チェア
A specialized chair designed to support patients during dental examinations and procedures.
歯科用レーザー
A focused light beam device used for precise soft and hard tissue procedures in dentistry.
ソフトウェア
医療データプライバシー法（GDPR、HIPAA、PIPEDA）
Global regulations governing how healthcare providers, including dental practices, must protect patient data.
患者ポータル
A secure online platform where patients can access their dental records and communicate with the practice.
歯の番号付けシステム（FDI、Universal、Palmer）
Standardized systems used by dentists worldwide to identify and reference individual teeth by number or letter.
歯科におけるインフォームドコンセント
The process of informing patients about proposed treatments, risks, alternatives, and costs before obtaining their agreement.
歯科における人工知能（AI）
Machine learning algorithms that assist in dental diagnosis, treatment planning, and practice optimization.
歯科の無断キャンセル・ノーショー対策
Strategies and systems dental practices use to minimize patients failing to attend or canceling scheduled appointments.
歯科記録の歴史
The evolution of dental documentation from handwritten paper charts to modern electronic health records.
遠隔歯科診療
Remote delivery of dental consultations and patient monitoring using digital communication technologies.